Understanding Cataracts: Causes, Symptoms, and Modern Treatment Options
What Are Cataracts?
Common Causes of Cataracts
- Aging: Natural protein changes in the eye’s lens occur over time.
- UV Exposure: Long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays can accelerate cataract formation.
- Medical Conditions: Diabetes and certain metabolic disorders increase cataract risk.
- Medications: Prolonged steroid use may contribute to cataract development.
- Eye Injury or Surgery: Trauma or previous eye surgery can cause secondary cataracts.
- Lifestyle Factors: Smoking and excessive alcohol use are linked to higher risk.
Symptoms of Cataracts
- Blurred or cloudy vision
- Sensitivity to light or glare, especially at night
- Difficulty seeing in dim lighting
- Faded or yellowed colors
- Double vision in one eye
- Frequent changes in eyeglass prescriptions
Modern Cataract Treatment Options
- Multifocal IOLs: Provide clear vision at multiple distances — near, intermediate, and far.
- Toric IOLs: Correct astigmatism along with cataracts.
- Light Adjustable Lenses (LAL): Allow your surgeon to fine-tune your vision after surgery for optimal clarity.
Protecting Your Vision
- Wear UV-blocking sunglasses outdoors.
- Eat a diet rich in antioxidants like leafy greens, colorful fruits, and fish.
- Avoid smoking and limit alcohol intake.
- Manage chronic health conditions such as diabetes.
- Schedule annual eye exams for early detection.
